基于德尔菲法的照护者版压力性损伤风险评估量表构建及信效度检验

Construction and reliability and validity test of caregiver version stress injury risk assessment scale based on Delphi method

摘要:

目的 构建适用于老年卧床患者的照护者使用的压力性损伤风险评估量表。方法 在文献回顾、课题组讨论的基础上，拟定照护者版压力性损伤风险评估量表初稿，应用德尔菲法对17名伤口领域的专家进行两轮函询，形成终稿，并在照护者中进行信效度检验。结果 量表共包含5个维度17项条目，Cronbach′s α系数为0.815,折半信度为0.748,总表的重测信度为0.938,条目水平内容效度为0.823～1.000,平均内容效度为0.882;探索因子分析显示，KMO值为0.721,Bartlett′s球形检验的χ2值为555.662（df=136.000,P<0.001）,共提取5个公因子，累积方差贡献率为60.84%。结论 照护者版压力性损伤风险评估量表具有良好的信效度，为老年卧床患者预防压力性损伤的发生提供更多工具，适合照护者使用。

Abstract:

Objective Toconstructapressureinjuryriskassessmentscaleforcaregiversofelderlybedriddenpatients. Methods Basedonliteraturereviewanddiscussionwithintheresearchgroup,apreliminarydraftofthecaregiverversionof thepressureinjuryriskassessmentscalewasdeveloped.TheDelphimethodwasutilizedtoconducttworoundsofinquiries with17expertsinthefieldofwoundcare,resultingintheformationofthefinaldraft.Andthereliabilityandvalidityofthe finaldraftweretestedamongcaregivers.Results Thescaleconsistedof5dimensionsand17items,withaCronbach'sα coefficientof0.815,asplit-halfreliabilityof0.748,atotalscaletest-retestreliabilityof0.938,item-levelcontentvalidity rangingfrom0.823to1.000,andanaveragecontentvalidityof0.882.ExploratoryfactoranalysisindicatedaKMOvalueof 0.721,andaBartlett'ssphericitytestχ2 valueof555.662 (df=136.000,P <0.001).And5commonfactorswere extracted,withacumulativevariancecontributionrateof60.84%.Conclusion Thecaregiverversionofthepressureinjury riskassessmentscalehasgoodreliabilityandvalidity,providingonemoretoolforthepreventionofpressureinjuryinelderly bedriddenpatients,whichissuitableforusebycaregivers