小丑照护对养老机构老年人孤独感、心理调适及幸福度的干预研究

Intervention study of clown care on loneliness, psychological adjustment and happiness of the elderly in nursing institutions

摘要:

目的 探讨小丑照护对养老机构老年人孤独感、心理调适及幸福度的干预效果。方法 组建小丑照护团队，确定小丑照护干预方案，于2024年3-6月对两所养老机构共61名老年人实施小丑照护方案。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、UCLA孤独量表(UCLA-LS)、养老机构老年人心理调适量表(NHAS)、纽芬兰纪念大学幸福度量表(MUNSH)评价小丑照护方案对老年人抑郁、焦虑、孤独感、心理调适和幸福度的干预效果。结果 干预前养老机构老年人PHQ-9得分为(12.20±4.06)分、GAD-7得分为(12.21±3.95)分、UCLA-LS得分为(45.34±16.62)分、NHAS得分为(73.95±13.35)分、MUNSH得分为(23.69±10.44)分；干预后养老机构老年人PHQ-9得分为(10.30±4.61)分、GAD-7得分为(10.44±4.30)分、UCLA-LS得分为(39.80±16.74)分、NHAS得分为(78.38±13.14)分、MUNSH得分为(26.89±10.09)分。与干预前比较，干预后上述指标均有改善，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 小丑照护可缓解养老机构老年人的孤独感、抑制负性情绪、提高心理调适水平和幸福度。

Abstract:

Objective Toexploretheeffectsofclowncareinterventionontheloneliness,psychologicaladjustmentand happinessoftheelderlyinnursinghomes.Methods Aclowncareteam wasformed,andaclowncareinterventionprogram wasdeveloped.Theclowncareinterventionprogram wasimplementedfrom MarchtoJune2024intwonursinghomeswith atotalof61olderadults.Theinterventioneffectsoftheclowncareprogram onthedepression,anxiety,loneliness, psychologicaladjustment,andhappinessoftheelderly wereevaluatedusingthePatientHealth Questionnairedepression module(PHQ-9),theGeneralizedAnxietyDisorder-7(GAD-7),theUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngelesLonelinessScale (UCLA-LS),the Nursing Home AdjustmentScale (NHAS),andthe Memorial Universityof Newfoudland Scaleof Happiness(MUNSH).Results Pre-interventionscoreswereasfollows:PHQ-9 (12.20±4.06),GAD-7 (12.21±3.95), UCLA-LS(45.34±16.62),NHAS (73.95±13.35),and MUNSH (23.69±10.44).Post-interventionscoresshowed significantimprovements:PHQ-9(10.30±4.61),GAD-7(10.44±4.30),UCLA-LS (39.80±16.74),NHAS (78.38± 13.14),and MUNSH (26.89±10.09).Allpost-interventionindicatorsdemonstratedstatisticallysignificantdifferences comparedtopre-interventionlevels(P<0.05).Conclusion Clowncarerelievesloneliness,suppressesnegativeemotions, andimprovespsychologicaladjustmentandhappinessoftheolderadultsinnursinghomes